Changchun University of Technology Scholarship - Apply Now >> 12. The Buddhism transmitted to China is based on the Sarvastivada school, with translations from Sanskrit to the Chinese languages and Tibetic languages. For her actions in creating Sci-Hub, Elbakyan has been called a hero and "spiritual successor to Aaron Swartz" who in 2010 downloaded millions of academic articles from JSTOR. The Admission Notice, Visa Application Form for Study in China and other relevant documents will also be delivered to all the awardees via express mail. "[54] Assistant US Attorney Timothy Howard, who was co-responsible for prosecuting the case, testified that the plea offer was made before Ulbricht's indictment and carried a mandatory minimum of 10 years to a maximum of life imprisonment, and that the United States sentencing guideline was life imprisonment. Central South University (CSU), a national key university under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China, has a [], The Beihang University CSC Scholarship Result 2022 Announced. We teach children and adults, English and French to take exams such as DALF, DELF, TOEIC, TOEFL, IELTS. Click here for further technical information. [4][38] User activity covered all branches of science, engineering, medicine and humanities. Elbakyan made the decision to freeze new uploads as a requirement of the court case Sci-Hub is defending against Elsevier in India.[19][20][21][22]. [44] On 6 November 2017, the ACS was granted a default judgment, and a permanent injunction was granted against all parties in active concert or participation with Sci-Hub that has notice of the injunction, "including any Internet search engines, web hosting and Internet service providers, domain name registrars, and domain name registries", to cease facilitating access to the service. [27] On February 4, 2015, Ulbricht was convicted on all counts after a jury trial that had taken place in January 2015. (1923). The site is optimised for IE6+ on PCs, and for Safari, Firefox, Opera and browsers other than IE on Macs. IDP is not responsible for their content. In September 2022, the CFPB took action against Regions Bank for charging surprise overdraft fees known as authorized positive fees. Chinese Buddhism developed into an independent religion with distinct spiritual elements. The University of Science and Technology Beijing, formerly known as Beijing Steel and Iron Institute before 1988, is a national key university in Beijing, China. Congratulation to all selected students. [23] In October 2013 Ulbricht was arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation while at the Glen Park branch of the San Francisco Public Library, and accused of being the "mastermind" behind the site. Later on, Emperor Huan [147167 CE] devoted himself to sacred things and often made sacrifices to the Buddha and Laozi. Moved by this miracle, the emperor bowed his head to the ground and excused himself. [41][42], Elbakyan responded to the case in an interview by accusing Elsevier of violating the right to science and culture under Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Indian users requested an average of 39,952 downloads per day from Sci-Hub in 2017. [55] As Buddhism was not seen to conflict with the local rites of nature worship, it was allowed by adherents of Shamanism to be blended into their religion. China became the center of East Asian Buddhism, following the Chinese Buddhist canon, as Buddhism spread to Japan and Korea from China. We remain at your disposal. This was attributed to blocking of many Sci-Hub hosting sites by Cyberspace Administration of China and the existence of a Chinese twin of Sci-Hub, which is not accessible outside of China, and is unknown to Western publishers. [7], Sci-Hub and Elbakyan were sued twice for copyright infringement in the United States, in 2015 and 2017, and lost both cases by default, leading to loss of some of its Internet domain names. [60] Ulbricht has since been transferred to USP Tucson. Mine is he commutes my son's life sentence", "Justice Department Announces Seizure of Bitcoin Once Valued at $3.36 Billion", "A $3 Billion Silk Road Seizure Will Erase Ross Ulbricht's Debt", "Silk Road Founder Ross Ulbricht To Forfeit $3 billion worth of BTC To The US Government", "Monday's best TV: Storyville: Silk Road Drugs, Death and the Dark Web", "NFT of Silk Road founder's art sells for more than $6 million", Meet The Dread Pirate Roberts, The Man Behind Booming Black Market Drug Website Silk Road, An Interview With A Digital Drug Lord: The Silk Road's Dread Pirate Roberts (Q&A), The mystery of the disappearing Silk Road murder charges, Eerie diary entries written by the Silk Road founder who just got a life sentence, Sunk: How Ross Ulbricht ended up in prison for life, Ross Ulbricht's Murder-for-Hire Charges Dropped by U.S. Attorney, Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ross_Ulbricht&oldid=1120921191, American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment, Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by the United States federal government, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox criminal with known for parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Silk Road Admin, SR Admin, Dread Pirate Roberts, DPR, Frosty, Altoid, This page was last edited on 9 November 2022, at 14:59. Thus, when counting secular believers or those influenced by the faith while not following other religions, the number of Buddhists in South Korea is considered to be much larger. [11] It is known as the Southern Transmission.[9]. Reporting on information technology, technology and business news. She began contributing to online forums dedicated to sharing research papers. [8] The site has cycled through different domain names since then. "The Religious and Intellectual Background", in. [90], A 2020 a study by researchers from 4 countries on 3 continents found that articles downloaded from Sci-Hub were cited 1.72 times more than papers not downloaded from Sci-Hub;[91] the study's methods and conclusions were disputed by Phil Davis in a Scholarly Kitchen article. Developmental psychologists aim to explain how thinking, feeling, and behaviors change throughout life. "To Liu Ying and the Chinese devotees at his court the "Buddhist" ceremonies of fasting and sacrifices were probably no more than a variation of existing Daoist practices; this peculiar mixture of Buddhist and Daoist elements remains characteristic of Han Buddhism as a whole."[35]. Originally concerned with infants and children, the field has expanded to include adolescence, adult development, aging, and the entire lifespan. [31] On May 29, 2015, he was sentenced to double life imprisonment plus forty years, without the possibility of parole. [33][34][35], In 2015, Elsevier filed a lawsuit against Sci-Hub, in Elsevier et al. 10-31. As a result, merchants supported Buddhist monasteries along the Silk Roads. [33] [106], Scientists in some European countries began negotiations with Elsevier and other academic publishers on introducing national open access. [1], Though Vajrabodhi is credited for bringing Esoteric Buddhism into China, it was his successor, Amoghavajra, who saw the firm establishment of Esoteric Buddhism as a school of thought in China. Buddhist scholar L Xiang, and lay disciple of Vajrabodhi writes about Vajrabodhis accomplishments, including translating Buddhist texts such as The Ritual for Practicing the Samadhi of Vairocana in the Yoga of the Adamantine Pinnacle Sutra etc. News for Hardware, software, networking, and Internet media. [27] Ulbricht was not charged in his trial in New York federal court with any murder for hire,[27][37] but evidence was introduced at trial supporting the allegations. Tang-era Chinese Buddhism was briefly repressed in the 9th century (but made a comeback in later dynasties). The requests for medical literature came mostly from middle- and low-income countries (69%); the countries with the most requests in absolute numbers were India, China, the US, Brazil, and Iran. The earliest direct references to Buddhism concern the 1st century AD, but they include hagiographical elements and are not necessarily reliable or accurate. [2][26], Sci-Hub has cycled through domain names, some of which have been blocked by domain registry operators. Despite this, the oligopoly of publishers is even more remarkable on the level of content consumption, with 80% of all downloads being published through only 9 publishers. [32] China which topped the chart had more than 25 million downloads in a month. Everyone", "Sci-Hub Citation Study Confuses Causes With Effects", "Sci-Hub downloads show countries where pirate paper site is most used", "Open access journals are vanishing from the web, Internet Archive stands ready to fill in the gaps", "Which countries are accessing Sci-Hub, created by Alexandra Elbakyan? According to figures compiled by the South Korean, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Great Tang Records on the Western Regions, A Mathematic Expression of Art: Sino-Iranian and Uighur Textile Interactions and the Turfan Textile Collection in Berlin, https://web.archive.org/web/20140303182232/http://buddhistinformatics.ddbc.edu.tw/glossaries/files/soothill-hodous.ddbc.pdf, "The Indian Buddhist Missionary Dharmakema (385-433): A New Dating of His Arrival in Guzang and of His Translations", "Guabhadra, Boyn, and the Sayuktgama", "Ancient India and Ancient China: Trade and Religious Exchanges, A.D. 1600. [40] Elsevier alleged that Sci-Hub violated copyright law and induced others to do so, and it alleged violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act as well as inducements to violate that law. [57], During his trial, Ulbricht was incarcerated at the Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York. He tried day trading and started a video game company; both ventures failed. In a series of brisk chaptersThe Road of Faiths, The Road of Furs and so onstudded with state-of-the-art research that is sourced from at least a dozen languages, the author brings wondrous history to vivid life In The Silk Roads, Peter Frankopan has provided a bracing wake up call. Matthew Price, The National (AE) This time, the transmission was happening via the sea routes.[26]. Emergency Relief Transport Enterprise would like to invite competent applicants for the following vacant positions, Organization: Emergency Relief Transport Enterprise, Required Professions: Fleet Officer, Senior Secretary and General Service Officer. Find your name in below list. [99], Sci-Hub's interface is perceived by users as providing a superior user experience and convenience compared to the typical interfaces available to users who have access to a paid subscription. They embraced Tibetan Buddhism starting with the Yuan dynasty (Buddhism in Mongolia). For centuries, the caravanserais served as staging posts throughout the Middle East and Central Asia. Developmental psychologists aim to explain how thinking, feeling, and behaviors change throughout life. The 2022 midterm election also features a closely divided Congress, with the likelihood that a few races in California may determine which party controls the US House. He said something about the Silk Road in Asia and what a big network it was And that's what he wanted to create, so he thought it was the perfect name. According to Elbakyan, she experienced difficulty accessing scientific papers relevant to her research project. Required Number: 03. He left along the Silk Road, stayed six years in India, and then returned by the sea route. The Han victory in the HanXiongnu War further secured the route from northern nomads of the Eurasian Steppe. [47] For example, the (late 3rd to early 5th-century) Mouzi Lihuolun says,[48], In olden days emperor Ming saw in a dream a god whose body had the brilliance of the sun and who flew before his palace; and he rejoiced exceedingly at this. [36] In June 2017, the court awarded Elsevier US$15 million in damages for copyright infringement by Sci-Hub and others in a default judgment. By Xinru Liu. [55], In 2020, President Trump reportedly considered commuting Ulbricht's sentence before leaving office,[56][54] but did not do so. His body is sixteen chi high (3.7 metres or 12 feet), and is the colour of true gold." An Shigao translated Buddhist texts on basic doctrines, meditation and abhidharma. Merv (Turkmen: Merw, , ; Persian: , Marv), also known as the Merve Oasis, formerly known as Alexandria (Greek: ), Antiochia in Margiana (Greek: ) and Marw al-Shhijn, was a major Iranian city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, near today's Mary, Turkmenistan. [17] In his personal diary, he outlined his idea for a website "where people could buy anything anonymously, with no trail whatsoever that could lead back to them. [79] It has also been criticized by librarians for compromising universities' network security and jeopardizing legitimate access to papers by university staff. In 2019, Ulbricht attempted to vacate his life sentence, based on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel by his defense lawyers. Commentary on the Study of the Paths of Transmission and Areas in which Buddhism Was Disseminated during the Han Period, The contribution of the Emperor Asoka Maurya to the development of the humanitarian ideal in warfare, Cave temples of Mogao: art and history on the silk road, Basic points unifying Theravda and Mahyna, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silk_Road_transmission_of_Buddhism&oldid=1116070561, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles needing additional references from June 2019, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Five monks from Gandhra who traveled in 485 CE to the country of, Loewe, Michael (1986). Furthermore the use of VPN can skew some results (e.g. [21][22] Ulbricht attributed his inspiration for creating the Silk Road marketplace to the novel, Alongside Night, and the works of Samuel Edward Konkin III. Reinforcing the Capacity and Contribution of Young Researchers to the Silk Roads Silk Roads Youth Research Grant As part of the Silk Roads Programmes ongoing work to better understand the rich history and shared legacy and spirit of the Silk Roads, UNESCO, with the support of the National Commission of the Peoples Republic of China for UNESCO, launched the Silk Roads 1% of all downloads. [30] Sci-Hub has also been accessible at times by directly entering the IP address, or through a .onion Tor Hidden Service. In the middle of the 2nd century, the Kushan Empire under king Kanika from its capital at Purushapura (modern Peshawar), India expanded into Central Asia. But from about this time, the Silk road trade of Buddhism began to decline with the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana (e.g. [58] After World War II, the Seon school of Korean Buddhism once again gained acceptance. [9] These later formed the basis of Theravada Buddhism. The Greco-Bactrian Kingdoms (250 BC-125 BC) in Afghanistan and the later Indo-Greek Kingdoms (180 BC-10 CE) formed one of the first Silk Road stops after China for nearly 300 years. As a result, many people outside of the practicing population are deeply influenced by these traditions. In 65 CE, Emperor Ming decreed that anyone suspected of capital crimes would be given an opportunity for redemption, and King Ying sent thirty rolls of silk. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. While "The Kingdom of Tianzhu" section (above) recorded his famous dream, the "Annals of Emperor Ming" history did not. The Western Liao was a Buddhist Sinitic dynasty based in Central Asia, before Mongol invasion of Central Asia. "The holding will call into question many other regulations that protect consumers with respect to credit cards, bank accounts, mortgage loans, debt collection, credit reports, and identity theft," tweeted Chris Peterson, a former enforcement attorney at the CFPB who is now a law professor January 07, 2022 REU1425119. The Mongol Empire resulted in the further Islamization of Central Asia. [57], In December 2020, Elsevier, Wiley and the American Chemical Society filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against Sci-Hub and Library Genesis in the Delhi High Court. In September 2022, the CFPB took action against Regions Bank for charging surprise overdraft fees known as authorized positive fees.
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